How many kinds of functional knitting products?

Knitting products are widely used in the three major fields of wear, decoration and industrial use, forming a relatively complete knitting industry chain. Functional knitting products include sports apparel, medical assistance products, military defense supplies & fashion apparel developed through the integration of high-tech material with knitting technology, which not only meet the increasingly diverse needs of people,but also innovate in combination with cutting-edge technology. With the rapid development of science and technology,various functional & diversified products combining traditional textile technology emerge in endless stream. According characteristics of knitted fabrics, functional knitting products, as an important product combining textile technology and scientific innovation, are gradually becoming new focus of the development of the textile industry. At the same time,with the development of green functional knitting products, functional knitwear is not only the result of technological innovation, but also embodiment of market demand and sustainable development trends.

1. Hygroscopic and perspiratory knitted products

The wetting process of sweat involves the contact and penetration between sweat and fiber and fabric surface. The water in this process mainly depends on the capillary action between fiber and yarn to move, and the water finally evaporates rapidly through the fabric surface to achieve the quick-drying effect. Moisture wicking fabric can effectively reduce the retention time of sweat on the skin surface, keep the skin dry and reduce the growth of bacteria, improve the wearer's comfort. Related applications in sports products include cycling clothing, yoga clothing, sports underwear, sports shoes, etc.

 

2. Antibacterial knitting products

Antibacterial knitted fabrics can realize antibacterial function through five ways: natural antibacterial fiber, regenerative antibacterial fiber, synthetic antibacterial fiber, modified antibacterial fiber and antibacterial agent finishing and processing. On this basis, combined with organizational structure design, product performance can be further optimized and bacterial growth can be effectively inhibited. At present, antibacterial knitting products are used in daily use, medicine and other fields.

 

3. Uv protection knitted products

Uv protection can be achieved through functional yarns or functional finishing (sunscreen reagents, functional coatings). Anti-ultraviolet function products can effectively block ultraviolet radiation, make the wearer feel more comfortable, extend the service life of the product, in outdoor, use, automotive materials and other fields have been developed and applied.

 

4. Waterproof knitting products

Waterproof knitted products are made by functional yarn or special finishing technology, which can effectively prevent water from penetrating into the interior of knitted products, prevent stains, fading and fabric deformation caused by water, and improve the durability and quality stability of products. At present, waterproof functional knitting products are used in outdoor sports, daily protection and other fields.

 

5. Electromagnetic shielding knitting products

Electromagnetic shielding knitting products are used in daily use, military defense and other scenarios. Electromagnetic shielding fabric is an excellent shielding material made of functional yarn with both light weight, flexibility and strength. It is widely used because of its thin and light, good surface adhesion and a large number of grid structures. At present, the design principle of electromagnetic shielding fabrics is mainly to use the conductivity of the material to metalize the surface of the fabric to form a metal conductive layer, or to make conductive filament and conductive yarn first, and then weave into the fabric, so that the metal conductive grid is formed inside the fabric.

 

6, Smart responsive knitting products

Intelligent response technology provides more possibilities for the development of functional knitting products, in addition to the traditional clothing field, intelligent response knitting products can also be applied to medical, sports, military and other fields. Through intelligent components, knitting products can achieve a variety of functions such as health monitoring, position tracking, and temperature regulation.

 

7. Warm knitting products

Warm knitting products can be used to form a static air layer inside the fabric through the selection of functional fibers or yarns with warmth, combined with the tissue design, to reduce heat loss, and can also be adjusted by the weaving process parameters (such as density, thickness, etc.) to improve the thermal performance of the fabric. A wide range of warm knit products, including warm underwear, warm coats, warm knee pads and so on. The composite fiber prepared by special process not only makes up for some performance shortcomings of natural fiber, but also shows superior thermal performance. The knitted products prepared by it can also have other properties, such as antibacterial, antistatic, breathable and so on, while having warmth.

 

8. Stab-proof and cut-proof knitting products

Stab-proof and cut-proof products are widely used in military, medical, sports and other fields, including anti-cut neck guard, stab-proof clothing, stab-proof vest, cut-proof gloves and other products. Among them, flexible stab-proof clothing can not only meet the requirements of special occupations for protective performance, but also suitable for daily wear because of its comfort, which is a research hotspot in recent years. Bulletproof textiles made from high-strength fibers such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) or aramid provide some protection against projectiles such as shrapnel and ammunition fragments. The traditional full overlay design limits the energy absorption of the composite during ballistic impact. In contrast, the checkerboard design formed by polycarbonate (PC) film and aramid can effectively improve the ballistic performance. The bullet-proof performance of the checkerboard PC film also increases with the increase of the number of spacer layers.

 

9. Other functional knitting products

Other functional knitting products also include fire retardant, anti-static, anti-mosquito and other products. Among them, the development of antistatic knitting products mainly involves material selection, fabric structure design, application of antistatic finishing technology and many other aspects.

Wuxi Shin Tong Yunn Machinery Technology Co., Ltd fabric dyeing machine DD636 high temperature long tube jet fabric dyeing machine and DD636B series is suitable for dyeing conventional knitted fabrics and functional technology knitted fabrics. Welcome to visit our factory and show the knitted fabric dyeing machine for you.

What's the reason causes yarn non-recurrence by package yarn dyeing?1

Bobbin dyeing technology: subjective reasons cause of non-recurrence of yarn through cone yarn dyeing are roughly as below:  winding quality, dye selection, dyeing process, operating factors, management problems, etc.

 

WINDING QUALITY INFLUENCES REPRODUCIBILITY

(1) Bobbin weight: When dyeing by immersion method, the depth of apparent color depends largely on the weight ratio of dye to yarn. In generally, only the number of bobbin is counted when the yarn is put on the cone yarn carrier, no longer weighed again. Therefore, the winding weight determines weight of loading yarn, be weighted after soft winding. Many factory production practices have proved that even without a fixed length meter, it is completely possible to weigh each bobbin and control the weight within the range of ± 1%. Some dyeing plants use "card" to measure the outside diameter, but because of the large error, it is not suitable. The different size of package yarn after dyeing also will get color difference betweent bobbin yarn.

 

(2) Bobbin winding density: The winding density of soft bobbin with direct relationship to resistance of circulation of dyeing liquor . High density, high resistance. Resistance magnitude affects shape of dyeing liquor circulation resistance curve, then affects main circulation pump, affects the circulation flow of the dye fluid, the circulation frequency of dye fluid and number of cycles within specified time are changed, so the amount of dye on yarn is changed, causing the color of yarn to be deep or shallow.

package yarn

When some bobbin winding density is too small, sometimes the yarn will be out of the "groove", sometimes caused "collapse", the dye liquid will get "short circuit", not only the yarn is washed and dyed unevenly, but also rest bobbin dye liquid circulation will be reduced and cause light color.

 

(3)"Hole exposure" : Because the bobbin and the beam coil are full of holes for the dye to travel through, when the bobbin is not properly wound, or the reciprocating distance is not enough, "hole exposure" will occur. When dyeing, because the warp shaft is placed vertically in the main body of high pressure cone yarn dyeing machine, if winding is too loose, the yarn will fall due to gravity after wetting at sometimes, resulting in upper "hole exposure". The dye liquor will "short circuit" from the "exposed hole", not only wash the yarn on the end of the bobbin, but also affect the flow capacity of other bobbin.

What's the reason causes yarn non-recurrence by package yarn dyeing?2

PRETREATMENT INFLUENCES REPRODUCIBILITY

Many dyeing plants don't pay attention to pre-treatment. Actually, many problems in dyeing processing because of ingnoring do enough pre-treatment. Impurity removal degree, whiteness, pH value after washing, purification of hydrogen peroxide after bleaching, amount of alkali carried by mercerized yarn, different tension affect gloss. When dyeing bobbin yarn, pre-treatment, dyeing and post-treatment are carried out in the same high pressure bobbin dyeing machine, and the pre-treatment effect is also different.

Generally, the dyeing factory pays more attention to force determination and weighing of dyes，but less attention is paid to the force determination and weighing of other chemicals. 

Caustic soda, soda ash, hydrogen peroxide is not analyzed, only calculated according to instructions, dye liquor are rarely titrated. So pre-treatment effect is different, causes difference of color depth and hue.

As mentioned, paying attention to compatibility, compatibility, sensitivity and quality of dyestuff, in order to ensure reproducibility.

 

RATIONALITY OF DYEING TECHNOLOGY INFLUENCES REPRODUCIBILITY

Although selecting appropriate dye, the dyeing process is designed not reasonable, there also be cylinder differences.  Such as temperature design, heating rate, holding time, amount of additives and feeding method scientificity, the rationality of post-treatment process design will affect the dyeing amount of dyestuff resulting in color difference.

Such as adding reactive dye solid alkali, fixation and hydrolysis of reactive dyes have a lot to do with the pH value of dye bath, the scientific feeding method is to maintain the Pu value at a fixed value (such as pH value is 11.5), which is related to the feeding method and feeding rate, if one-time feeding or feeding fast and slow all will cause pH fluctuations, amount of fixation and hydrolyzed dyes is different, finally eflects the different shades of light.

package yarn dyeing machine

 

Why do raw cotton dyeing and its spinning processing?

In order to fully improve the added value of colored product, except add patten, high-count yarn & blended yarn and special dyeing process can also be used to achieve a unique style of colored cloth. Pure cotton blended yarn-dyed fabric: soft feel, breathable, strong water absorption. In recent years, it has been favored by the majority of consumers. Color cotton by mixing cotton, carding cotton, spinning, weaving to eliminate color difference, it is convenient production.

RAW MATERIAL REQUIREMENT

1. Raw cotton requirement

After the raw cotton dyeing, the color cotton should be mixed, combed, spun, and finally wovenhttps://www.yarnfabricdyemachine.comknitted, and the requiements of color difference is not strictly, so it is suitable for any variety of raw cotton.

2. Dye compound

The dyestuffs and auxiliaries are used for cotton bleaching and dyeing: with fine particles and soluble in water, good diffusion and permeability.

 

DYEING

In order to obtain better color mixing effect of cotton textiles, pay attention to two important points in raw cotton dyeing: remove natural impurities of loose fiber and spinnability of dyed cotton fiber.

1. Pretreatment

Cotton fibers contain many symbionts, such as waxes, nitrogen, pectin, minerals and natural pigments, cottonseed shells, etc. The existence of these symbionts will seriously affect the wettability of cotton fiber, making it difficult to dyeing, so it must be removed first. The pre-treatment of raw cotton dyeing: boiling and bleaching and related washing. The purpose is to remove cotton impurities, fruit gum and natural pigments that hinder dyeing. After boiling and fully washing, it is necessary to check whether the concentration of alkali, residual hydrogen peroxide and whiteness meet the process requirements or not. Generally, the whiteness of the cotton fiber after pre-treatment are consistent, and the pH value is neutral.

2. Raw cotton dyeing

Using direct dyes and reactive dyes, considering the color fastness and convenience of use, using reactive dyes is better, because reactive dyes with bright color, complete chromatography and a certain wet processing fastness. The process control is stable and appropriate additives, the reproducibility of dyeing is good, cylinder (batch) difference is less. In addition, the use of reactive dyes dyeing, if it is combination of color, it is best to choose a better compatibility of reactive dyes for collocation.

3.  Postprocessing

Post-treatment is an important part of raw cotton dyeing, after dyeing should do fully washed and soaping treatment, in order to remove impurities and residual chemical additives on the cotton fiber. When washing, detergent with strong decontamination ability and good permeability should be used to enhance the cleaning effect of the inner layer of the fiber. After washing, in order to increase the spinnability, softening agent should be added for softening treatment to improve the lubricity of the fiber.

 

DEHYDRATOR AND DRYING

After dehydration , the color cotton treated by softener is easy to loose, after production practice, the moisture return after drying is controlled at 6 to 8, with soft feel and good spinnability.

 

SPINNING TECHNOLOGY

After raw cotton dyeing, the cotton fiber lost  spinnability processing of boiled and bleached, removed wax and oil, feel becomes coarse. In order to improve this situation, one the one hand, adding softener to loosen the cotton and improve its spinnability after full washing. On the other hand, reasonable cotton matching with raw cotton. There are two kinds of cotton matching between colored cotton and raw cotton: One is carried out in the cotton cleaning process, the color cotton and the raw cotton after grabbing cotton, mixing cotton, opening into rolls and  strips, finally spinning and knitted or woven fabric; Another one is processing during combining, the color sliver with the raw cotton sliver, through two strips, so that it is mixed into a strip, finally spinning and weaving or knitting. Through experiment, the former method is better, color cotton and raw cotton through mixing , carding, spinning and weaving, basically eliminate color difference.No matter which one is adopted, the mixing ratio of color cotton and raw cotton is generally controlled at about 0.5-10 percent, spinnability is better, don't  change the original production technology.

 

DYEING INTANCE

9.7tex red cotton using Shin Tong Yunn high pressure dyeing machine, bath ratio 1:15, internal and external cycle time ratio 5:3.

1. Process flow: raw cotton- boiling-washing-dyeing-washing-soft treatment-dehydration-drying - packing

2. pretreatment

Process prescription, (ghttps://www.yarnfabricdyemachine.comL)NaOH(36 'Be) 5 stabilizer FT 2OH202(27.5%) 8,  Temperature 120℃ penetrant JFc 1.0 time 120min.

3. Raw cotton dyeing (bright red) process prescription, (ghttps://www.yarnfabricdyemachine.comL) Peregal O 015 reactive brilliant orange X-Gn 3. 575N a2CO 3 25 Bright Red X一3B 6．i25Na2SO． 70。

4. Soft treatment

Process prescription, (ghttps://www.yarnfabricdyemachine.comL) softener HC-8

5. Dyeing cotton by spinning process

Cotton blending - roll - carding - strip - roving - fine yarn - raw cotton - fine cotton

 

NOTE:

DF241 series high pressure cone yarn dyeing machine is suitable doing pre-treatment, post processing and dyeing of raw cotton(cotton fiber), only need change the carrier form.

Why the choice of dyeing machine crucial to the quality of dyed products?

There are numerous factors that influence the quality of dyed products, chief among them being equipment, dyes and chemicals, processes (procedures, formulations, conditions)  and operational factors. Occasionally, defects in dyeing can also arise due to chance occurrences. Therefore, when analyzing the root causes of quality issues, it's imperative to consider all aspects thoroughly to pinpoint the actual cause, allowing for resolution and prevention of recurring issues. According experience, product quality control measures can be implemented.

 

In this context, let's delve primarily into the impact of dyeing equipment on the quality of dyed products.

 

To achieve superior dyed products, not only must suitable dyes be selected based on the type of fiber and fabric, but also must appropriate textile dyeing machine be paired with customized and rational dyeing processes. Despite advancements in production technology and the continuous improvement of dyeing machinery, quality issues stemming from equipment are still not entirely avoidable.

fabric

The primary concern related to yarn dyeing machine and fabric dyeing machine is its operational stability, efactors such as machine speed, drying condition, temperature ramp-up and ramp-down rate, and pressure control. When these parameters are tightly controlled, the dyeing and finishing machinery can ensure consistent color reproduction and reproducibility.

 

Textile dyeing machine pivotal role in achieving even dyeing. To this end, the following requirements are crucial:

 

1. **Strong Dyeing Process Adaptability**: dyeing machine must be capable of accommodating a wide range of process parameters like temperature, pressure, speed, and treatment time, as well as adjustment to dyestuff and chemical, ensuring compatibility with new processes and technologies. This ensures uniform dyeing and meets other quality standards.

 

2. **High Automation Level**: Automated detection and adjustment of key process parameters minimize human errors, enhancing precision control. This ensures the repeatability of processes and stabilizes product quality.

 

3. **Versatility for Multi Processing**: Given the limited resources in dyeing plant and ever-changing market demands,  fabric and yarn dyeing equipment should be versatile, allowing for cost-effective processing of various fabric and yarn types while maintaining dyeing uniformity and meeting other quality criteria.

 

4. **Low-Tension or Loose Running**: Tension is a significant factor affecting dyeing evenness. High or uneven tension can easily lead to quality issues. Hence, dyeing equipment should operate with minimal or uniform tension, preferably in a loose-running mode. It is related with the design of dyeing machine structure.

weaving yarn

In addition to the processes and operations defined, the color matching and dyeing levelness of products are intimately tied to the dyeing equipment chosen. The selected equipment must cater to the requirements of various dyeing processes, handle diverse product types, produce high-quality outputs, and be safe, durable, economical, high-speed, efficient, continuous, automated, low-energy consuming and environmentally friendly. In essence, the equipment must guarantee the quality of dyed product.

 

Advantages and disadvantages of drone spraying

Drone spraying is a new type of operation method in technological development. High work efficiency, suitable for large-scale agricultural pest control. This is tens or hundreds of times more than physical labor. It can complete tasks that are easy to manually complete, such as forest and mountain forest operations. So how effective are unmanned aerial vehicles used for medicinal purposes on rural land?

Things often have two sides, namely advantages and disadvantages. Drone spraying is no exception, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. The advantage is that the spraying speed is fast. The crop protection drones used for agricultural spraying are generally multi rotor aircraft, much larger than typical small aerial photography drones, with longer endurance and much faster speed. Not to mention, compared to manual spraying, the spraying efficiency of aircraft is hundreds of times higher.

In addition, crop protection drones can adopt two control methods: manual remote control and satellite guided control. Usually, large plots use satellite navigation to control spraying. For land parcels, seamless spraying can be achieved without losing crops. No matter how slow and careful manual spraying is, there will always be omissions at the beginning, which machines cannot match

The spraying quality is also very high. The principle of drone spraying is to install the medicine box on the body of the drone, open the valve after the drone takes off to discharge the medicine, and then use the strong wind generated by the high-speed rotation of the drone blades to atomize and blow down the medicine. Due to the strong atomization and falling of drugs by the wind, the adhesion and diffusion rate of drugs is higher than traditional manual spraying, so the effect of spraying drugs in this way is higher than manual spraying.

In fact, there are many potential safety hazards hidden in drones, and some issues have also been documented in previous reports. For example, during the process of spraying pesticides, if no pesticides are sprayed into the river, all organisms in the river will be poisoned. A clear river on the horizon is easily destroyed. If there are artificially cultivated aquatic products in the Tianbian River, it is easy to become an economic dispute if such a problem is encountered.

In addition, the promotion of drone pesticide spraying in modern rural areas is insufficient, and there are many regulatory loopholes. Relevant departments need to introduce policies to guide and manage it correctly, avoid irreparable losses caused by technical errors, and ensure the safety of drone pesticide spraying.

Therefore, if rural areas want to implement drone pesticide spraying, corresponding technical support must be provided first, and drone training must be provided to farmers to ensure that they use drones in the correct situations, thereby avoiding many problems. As long as they have sufficient technology, they must maintain consistency in the spraying process.

In addition, due to its fast speed, the effect of uniform application is poor. The drone spray passes through instantly, making it difficult to mix evenly and thoroughly. The only way to overcome the problem of uneven and thorough beating is to increase the concentration of the liquid medicine, thereby increasing the investment cost. For example, when spraying drugs in cotton fields, UAV spray can not kill cotton bollworm in cotton buds, aphids on the back and bottom of leaves.

Only by absorbing crops can endogenous pests be dealt with, and some pests may not be killed by endogenous agents but can only be dealt with through contact. The main disadvantage of manual spraying is slow speed, making it difficult to spray at high altitudes. It has the advantage of uniform application, which can evenly and thoroughly hit crops up and down. Save technical solutions.

Although there are many advantages to using drones to spray pesticides, such as high efficiency and good quality, there are also certain limitations. For example, it depends on weather conditions. It cannot take off in bad weather and cannot work all day. It is only suitable for the vast northern regions, while the southern mountainous and hilly areas are not particularly suitable for large-scale operations.

Generally speaking, using drones to spray pesticides on farmland is very cost-effective. Short time, uniform spraying, and affordable price. Therefore, more and more farmers are gradually choosing to use drones to spray pesticides on crops. There are also many smart young people who see the vast prospects of this industry, specializing in drone spraying, and the profits are still considerable.

Drones are a manifestation of high-tech technology applied in agriculture, and are a progressive product of the combination of modern technology and traditional agriculture. From an efficiency perspective, it is indeed higher than manual spraying. From a practical perspective, it cannot be compared to manual operation. Drones can only spray on the front of crops, but cannot spray on the back of crops.

When spraying pesticides, unmanned aerial vehicles also pay attention to the weather. Due to strong winds and heavy fog, it is impossible to operate, and manual operation can completely ignore this situation. Therefore, unmanned operation has its own advantages, and manual operation also has its advantages, which should be complementary. We cannot veto drones with one vote. We should view new things from a developmental perspective. Although there are drawbacks to drone operation, it is an assistant for the future development of agriculture.

Development history of agricultural drones

The development process of agricultural drones can be divided into several important stages, each with its unique characteristics and milestones. ‌

Initial stage: Concept machine and demonstration machine

Conceptual stage (2010-2012): This stage mainly involves the dissemination of concepts, and the operational capabilities of crop protection drones are very limited, mainly used for small-scale demonstrations and testing within the industry.

Demonstration stage (2013-2015): With the advancement of technology, crop protection drones began to be demonstrated in farmland. Although their operational capabilities have improved, they have not yet reached the standard for large-scale application.

Development stage: trial application and batch application

Trial application stage (2016-2017): Plant protection drones began to be practically applied in farmland, and more and more practitioners entered this industry, further verifying the industry model and operational capabilities.

Batch application stage (2018-2020): Plant protection drones have the ability to make money, their business models and service capabilities are gradually maturing, and more social resources are entering this industry.

Mature stage: Wide application and future trends.

Widely used stage (2021 present): Plant protection drones have been fully accepted by the industry and cannot be replaced. All social resources know their purpose and have become a mature industry.

Future trend: Plant protection drones will further become intelligent and precise, improving operational efficiency and effectiveness while reducing costs and meeting the diverse needs of farmers.

Technological progress and market application

The development of crop protection drone technology is also accompanied by the continuous expansion of the market. Abroad, Japan developed the world's first crop protection drone in 1987 and currently has over 5000 in stock. Since 2004, China has been researching and promoting unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for crop protection. By 2019, the number of UAVs in operation had reached 55000, covering an area of 33 million hectares. The advancement of policies and technology has also driven the rapid development of crop protection drones in China.

Key technologies and market acceptance

The key technologies of crop protection drones include power systems, flight control, and spraying systems. In the early days, it was mainly oil powered aircraft, but with the rise of electric drones, electric drones gradually became the mainstream in the market due to their cost-effectiveness and environmental friendliness. In terms of market acceptance, farmers have gradually shifted from a wait-and-see attitude to acceptance and recognition, and crop protection drones have become an indispensable tool in agricultural production.

BEONDT agriculture spraying drone

Future prospects of electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing

Electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology‌ has broad prospects for development in the future, with significant advantages and potential application value. As an emerging non-destructive testing technology, this technology has the characteristics of high precision, no need for coupling agent, non-contact, suitable for high-temperature testing, and easy to excite various ultrasonic waveforms. Therefore, it has received widespread attention and attention in the field of industrial testing. With the advancement of science and technology and the increasing demand for precise monitoring, electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology is expected to play a more important role in various fields and further promote the development and progress of human society.

The future development of electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

‌High temperature detection capability‌: By configuring high-temperature probes, electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology can adapt to high-temperature on-site testing up to 800°C, and automatically compensate for changes in sound velocity to make the thickness measurement more accurate. This feature makes it have great potential in high-temperature industrial applications.

‌Rich application scenarios‌: By adopting electromagnetic acoustic transducers of different configurations, the excitation and reception of various ultrasonic waveforms can be realized, which greatly enriches the application scenarios of electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology. This not only improves the detection efficiency, but also enables the technology to adapt to more industrial detection needs.

‌Possibility of online monitoring‌: electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology does not require the use of coupling agents, which makes it possible to achieve online monitoring. Online monitoring can monitor the status of industrial equipment in real time, detect potential problems in a timely manner, and thus improve production efficiency and safety‌.

Although electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology still has problems such as low transducer conversion efficiency and poor detection effect on coarse-grained materials that need further research and development, these problems will be gradually solved with the continuous advancement and improvement of technology. Overall, the future development prospects of electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology are very optimistic, and it will bring more innovations and breakthroughs to the field of industrial testing‌.

‌Electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology‌ has broad development prospects in the future and has significant advantages and potential application value. As an emerging non-destructive testing technology, this technology has the characteristics of high precision, no need for coupling agents, non-contact, suitable for high-temperature testing, and easy to excite various ultrasonic waveforms. Therefore, it has received widespread attention and attention in the field of industrial testing. With the advancement of science and technology and the increasing demand for precise monitoring, electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology is expected to play a more important role in various fields and further promote the development and progress of human society‌.

The future development of electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

‌High temperature detection capability‌: By configuring high temperature probes, electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology can adapt to high temperature on-site detection up to 800℃, and by automatically compensating for changes in sound velocity, the thickness measurement value is more accurate. This feature makes it have great potential in high temperature industrial applications‌.

‌Rich application scenarios‌: By adopting electromagnetic acoustic transducer of different configurations, various ultrasonic wave types can be excited and received, which greatly enriches the application scenarios of electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology. This not only improves the detection efficiency, but also enables the technology to adapt to more industrial detection needs‌.

‌Possibility of online monitoring‌: electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology does not require the use of coupling agents, which makes it possible to achieve online monitoring. Online monitoring can monitor the status of industrial equipment in real time, detect potential problems in time, and thus improve production efficiency and safety‌3.

Although electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology still has problems such as low transducer conversion efficiency and poor detection effect on coarse-grained materials that need further research and development, these problems will be gradually solved with the continuous advancement and improvement of technology. Overall, the future development prospects of electromagnetic acoustic transducer testing technology are very optimistic, and it will bring more innovations and breakthroughs to the field of industrial testing.

How does a high-voltage power transformer work

High voltage transformer is a type of electrical equipment mainly used to convert voltage from the high voltage end to the low voltage end. It is mainly composed of iron core and winding. The iron core is made of highly magnetic conductive material to provide a strong magnetic circuit, while the winding is used to carry current and generate a magnetic field. The following is a brief introduction to the working principle, operation, and maintenance of high-voltage transformers.

1. Working principle:

High voltage transformers work using the principle of electromagnetic induction. When a high-voltage power supply is connected to one side of the winding, current flows through the winding, generating a magnetic field. The magnetic field passes through the iron core and then senses along the winding on the other side. According to Faraday's law, when the magnetic flux changes on the other winding, an induced electromotive force is generated. According to the winding ratio, the induced electromotive force will change the voltage at the output terminal.

2. Running process:

During operation, high-voltage transformers rely on external power sources to provide electrical energy. The voltage of the high-voltage power supply is connected to a high-voltage winding, while the low-voltage winding is connected to the equipment that uses electrical energy. When an external power source is powered on, high voltage current passes through the high voltage winding, forming a magnetic field. The magnetic field passes through the iron core and induces the voltage on the low-voltage winding. In this way, the voltage of the high-voltage power supply will be converted into low-voltage voltage and supplied to the equipment in use.

3. Maintenance:

In order to maintain the normal operation of high-voltage transformers and extend their lifespan, the following points need to be noted:

-Regularly inspect the windings and iron cores for damage, corrosion, or looseness. If there are any problems, they need to be repaired or replaced in a timely manner.

-Check the insulation status of the winding to ensure that the insulation is intact. If insulation damage is found, it must be repaired in a timely manner.

-Clean and maintain the cleanliness of the surrounding environment of the transformer to prevent dust or impurities from entering the transformer and causing malfunctions.

-Regularly inspect and replace the insulation oil inside the transformer to ensure good quality of insulation oil and maintain stable insulation performance.

-Monitor the temperature and humidity of the transformer to ensure they are within the normal range. If the temperature is abnormally high or the humidity is too high, timely measures should be taken to adjust or repair it.

The above brief introduction to the working principle, operation, and maintenance of high-voltage transformers can help understand the basic principles and operating points of high-voltage transformers.

How to control drones

With the rapid development of technology, drones, as a new type of intelligent aircraft, have been widely used in various fields such as aerial photography, agriculture, logistics, and rescue. So, how do drones achieve precise control? This article will provide a detailed answer to this question regarding the control principles, control systems, control methods, and future development trends of unmanned aerial vehicles.

1. Control principle of unmanned aerial vehicles

The control principle of unmanned aerial vehicles is mainly based on aviation mechanics, electronic technology, and control theory. Its core lies in real-time monitoring and adjustment of the attitude, speed, altitude and other parameters of the drone through its internal flight control system, in order to achieve stable flight and precise control.

The drone flight control system usually consists of three parts: sensors, controllers, and actuators. Sensors are responsible for collecting information such as the attitude, speed, and altitude of drones. The controller calculates control instructions based on this information and then drives the drone to perform corresponding actions through actuators such as motors and servos.

2. Control system of unmanned aerial vehicle

The control system of unmanned aerial vehicles is the key to achieving precise control. Generally speaking, the control system of a drone includes two parts: ground control system and onboard control system.

The ground control system mainly consists of remote controllers, ground stations, and other equipment. The remote control communicates with the drone through wireless signals, and the operator can issue control commands through the remote control to control the drone's takeoff, landing, flight trajectory, etc. The ground station is responsible for higher-level task planning, data processing, and real-time monitoring functions.

The onboard control system mainly includes flight control board, sensors, actuators, etc. The flight control board is the "brain" of the drone, responsible for processing information from sensors and calculating control commands. Sensors are responsible for collecting various status information of drones, such as attitude, speed, altitude, etc. The executing mechanism drives the various components of the drone to perform corresponding actions according to the instructions of the flight control board.

3. Control method of unmanned aerial vehicle

There are various control methods for drones, including manual control, automatic control, and hybrid control.

Manual control is the most direct control method, where operators issue commands through a remote control to control the flight of the drone. This method requires operators to have certain flying skills and experience, but can achieve high flexibility and real-time performance.

Automatic control is the use of pre-set programs or algorithms to enable drones to autonomously complete flight tasks. This method does not require manual intervention and can greatly improve the stability and efficiency of flight. For example, in the field of aerial photography, drones can automatically capture images through pre-set routes, greatly reducing the burden on operators.

Hybrid control is a combination of manual control and automatic control, which retains the flexibility of manual control while leveraging the stability advantage of automatic control. In practical applications, operators can flexibly choose control methods based on task requirements and environmental changes.

4. The development trend of drone control technology

With the continuous development of technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data, drone control technology is also constantly advancing. In the future, drone control technology will present the following development trends:

  • Intelligence: By introducing artificial intelligence algorithms, unmanned aerial vehicles can achieve autonomous decision-making and intelligent obstacle avoidance functions, improving flight safety and efficiency.
  • Clustering: Through drone clustering technology, multiple drones can collaborate to improve task execution efficiency and reduce costs.
  • Cloudization: With the help of cloud computing and big data technology, real-time transmission and processing of drone data can be achieved, providing strong support for decision-making.
  • Standardization: With the continuous expansion of the drone market, the standardization and normalization of drone control technology will become an inevitable trend, which will help promote the healthy development of the drone industry.

In summary, the control of Agricultural drones involves multiple fields such as aviation mechanics, electronic technology, and control theory, achieving precise control through flight control systems, control systems, and various control methods. With the advancement of technology, drone control technology will continue to develop towards intelligence, clustering, cloud computing, and standardization, providing more efficient, secure, and convenient support for applications in various fields. In the future, drones will play an important role in more fields, bringing more convenience and possibilities to human production and life.